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　　To become a proficient writer, it is important to understand that writing is a process. Whether you are writing a business letter, sending an email to a friend, or writing an essay for history class, there is a process that, when followed, will make your writing easier to understand and more enjoyable to read. The process of writing is listed below in easy to follow steps。

　　要想成为一位写作高手，清楚写作步骤是非常重要的。不论你在写一封商务信函，给朋友发电子邮件或是写一篇历史课文章……写作都有规律可循，如果遵循这些规律，你写作起来将会更加得心应手，写的内容也会轻松易读。下面列出这些写作步骤：

　　　Steps步骤

　　1. Choose a topic.选题

　　2. Gather information.收集信息

　　3. Record notes that are relevant to your topic.将与主题相关的内容作好笔记

　　4. Construct sentences from your notes.用笔记的内容来构造句子

　　5. Disregard irrelevant sentences.除掉无关的句子

　　6. Arrange sentences in logical order.按照逻辑顺序排列句子

　　7. Write sentences in paragraph format.将句子整理成段落

　　8. Check for errors and rewrite.检查错误，重新写一次

　　9. Check again for errors and rewrite again.再次检查错误和写一次

　　10. Turn in or send your document现在可以上交你的作品了

　　Let's examine each step more closely and see if we can discard any of the steps。

　　下面让我们再仔细检查一下这些步骤，看是否可以再剔除一些。

　　1. Choosing a topic. This step is needed regardless of what type of writing you intend to do. Even if you are just sending an email to a friend, there is a reason for sending the message. This reason is the topic of your email。

　　选题。无论你打算写什么，这都是一个必备步骤。即使你仅仅是给朋友发一封电子邮件，也必须写得有条有理。这就是邮件的主题。

　　2. Gather information. In this step you find and collect all the information that you believe you will need to complete the writing you plan to do. In certain types of writing, such as a letter to a friend, this step may take place unconsciously. In other types of writing, such as an essay for a class, this step requires time spent doing research。

　　收集信息。在这一步骤中，收集到所有你认为完成写作所需要的信息。在一些类型的写作中，如给朋友的书信中，这一步骤通常是下意识中完成的。在其它类型的写作中，如课业文章中，这个步骤需要花时间作研究收集材料。

　　3. Record notes that are relevant. In this step you should not worry about grammatical structure. The notes you write on your paper are just bits and pieces of information that are relevant to the topic you have chosen to write about. Like the previous step of gathering information, this step happens unconsciously in most instances of informal writing。

　　将与主题相关的内容作好笔记。做这一步时，可以先不用顾及语法结构。写在纸上的笔记只是你所选择的关于主题的只言片语的信息。就象前面的信息收集过程一样，这个步骤在非正式的写作中不知不觉中就能完成。

　　4. Construct sentences from your notes. This step requires a little concentration and work. Make sure the sentences are grammatically correct. This is critical, even for informal writing such as email。

　　用笔记的内容来构造句子。这一步要花些精力集中工作了。要确保写中的句子没有语法问题。这点即使对于非正式的写作如电子邮件，也是必须的。

　　5. Disregard irrelevant sentences. Make sure the sentences you keep are relevant to the topic you have chosen. Check the tutorial on relevancy for a full explanation。

　　除掉无关的句子。确保选出的句子都与主题有关。

　　6. Arrange your sentences in logical order. Remember, every language organizes ideas differently. What is logical in one language is usually not logical in another。

　　按照逻辑顺序排列句子。谨记每种语言都有不同的组织思维方式。在一种语言中被视为逻辑的顺序到了另一种语言中通常就没有逻辑性了。

　　7. Write the sentences in paragraph format. See the tutorial on paragraphs for an explanation of paragraph formats。

　　将句子整理成段落。

　　8. Check for errors and rewrite. This is commonly known as editing and rewriting. This is one of the most crucial steps in the writing process, which is why I have listed it twice。

　　检查错误，重新写一次。这其实是大家知道的编辑和重新整理过程。这也是写作步骤中最关键的一步，这也是为什么我们将它列举了两次。

　　9. Check again for errors and rewrite. This time you may even want to have someone else read what you have written. Sometimes other people will see mistakes that you have overlooked。

　　再次检查错误和写一次。这一次你可能还需要别人来读一读你所写的内容。有时候其他人往往能看出你所忽略的问题。

　　10. Turn in or send your document. Once you are certain the piece you have written is free from errors and says what you want it to say, give it to the person for whom it was written。

　　写作完毕，上交作文。如果你确信所写的作文已经没有错误并且能够表达你想表达的思想，那么就可以上交了。

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